These returns again reflect from the ionosphere, finally being received at the Longreach and Laverton stations. Much incident radiation is reflected forward in the original direction of travel, but a small proportion "backscatters" and returns along the original, reciprocal transmission path. The signal is bounced off the ionosphere, landing in the "illuminated" area of target interest. The high frequency radio transmitter arrays at Longreach and Laverton have 28 elements, each driven by a 20-kilowatt power amplifier giving a total power of 560 kW. ![]() The Alice Springs receiver at Mount Everard, with 90-degree coverage.The Alice Springs transmitter at Harts Range, with 90-degree coverage, and.The research and development transmitter and receiver sites are: The Western Australian receiver at Laverton, with 180-degree coverage.The Western Australian transmitter at Leonora, with 180-degree coverage, and.The Queensland receiver at Stonehenge, with 90-degree coverage,.The Queensland transmitter at Longreach, with 90-degree coverage,.The four JORN transmitter and receiver sites are: Each radar station consists of a transmitter site and a receiver site, separated by a large distance to prevent the transmitter from interfering with the receiver. The Alice Springs radar can be patched into the JORN to provide a third active radar station. Twelve vertical ionosondes distributed around Australia and its territories.ĭSTO uses a radar station near Alice Springs, Northern Territory (JFAS) for research and development and also has its own network of vertical/oblique ionosondes for research purposes.A control centre at RAAF Base Edinburgh in South Australia (JCC).Two active radar stations: one near Longreach, Queensland (JOR1) and a second near Laverton, Western Australia (JOR2).As JORN uses the Doppler principle to detect objects, it cannot detect objects moving at a tangent to the system, or objects moving at a similar speed to their surroundings. The effectiveness of JORN is also reduced by extreme weather, including lightning and rough seas. The most significant factor influencing this is solar changes, which include sunrise, sunset and solar disturbances. As JORN is reliant on the interaction of signals with the ionosphere, disturbances in the ionosphere adversely affect performance. It is also reportedly able to detect stealth aircraft, as typically these are designed only to avoid detection by microwave radar. JORN is so sensitive it is able to track planes as small as a Cessna 172 taking off and landing in East Timor 2,600km away. Data from the JORN sites is fed to the JORN Coordination Centre at RAAF Base Edinburgh where it is passed on to other agencies and military units. It is used in the defence of Australia, and can also monitor maritime operations, wave heights and wind directions. It has a normal operating range of 1,000km to 4,000km. ![]() The Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) is an over-the-horizon radar network that can monitor air and sea movements across 37,000 square kilometres. M91 Helmet (Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops).Uniforms (non-Dress) and Personal Equipment M18A1 Claymore Antipersonnel Mine (Airfield Defence Guards).M3 Carl Gustaf Medium Direct Fire Support Weapon (designated L14A1) (Airfield Defence Guards).M27 Short-Range Anti-Armour Weapon (Airfield Defence Guards). ![]() Mark 19 Automatic Grenade Launcher (Airfield Defence Guards).M203 Grenade Launcher (attached to F88).Browning Hi-Power Mark III (designated Self-Loading Pistol 9mm Mark III).F89 Maximi (7.62mm) (Airfield Defence Guards). ![]()
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